Bioenergy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bioenergy - Term Paper Example At the point when woodlands are overseen reasonably, their biodiversity, essentialness, efficiency, and ability to recover both at present and later on is moderated. Therefore, the woods keep up their ability to perform social, monetary, ecologic capacities without meddling with different biological systems contrarily at the nearby, national and worldwide levels. There are a few difficulties to practical utilization of backwoods determined bioenergy sources including the land-use struggle and land accessibility in numerous regions (Oko Institut 10). At the point when particular logging is done at a rate that is practical, the woodland will undoubtedly be saved. By receiving Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) practices, for example, setting up cushion zones along watersheds and streams, applying current advances to moderate impacts of log extraction and cautious arranging of the woodland to forestall timberland infringement by people, the efficiency of the backwoods will be continued by CBD (Oko Institut, 8). Indeed, even as woodland assets are collected, the manner in which they are utilized decides the how much supportable the assets will last. Wood items can be reused to diminish the rate at which woodlands are gathered. Besides, when agro-woodland bi-items and buildups, for example, leaves, husks, shells, and straw are utilized in creating vitality, the rate at which felling of trees is done can be significantly diminished. Creating nations have a great deal of backwoods assets contrasted with created nations as indicated by Tomaselli (V). In this regard, the limit of creating countries to deliver high measures of bioenergy contrasted with created nations. Be that as it may, concerning manageability, the creating nations have far to go. This is thinking about to such an extent that the strategies initiated by their administrations with a point of making practical improvement are rarely all around actualized. Moreover, the advances that they usually use in the crea tion and use of the energies are less proficient. In by and large, both created and immature nations have a colossal ability to build a lot of backwoods bioenergy creation, the previous wanting to exploit the innovative bit of leeway that they have. 2. Understanding the likely a. Thoroughly analyze created and less created nations concerning the potential for expanding the portion of vitality provided by woodland assets. Both created and creating nations somewhat rely upon backwoods assets to give vitality utilized in businesses and for residential purposes. In any case, timberland assets can undoubtedly get exhausted when utilized in a way that is impractical whether in created or immature nations. Woodland determined bio-vitality in many spots is utilized as fuel wood or charcoal. In created nations, utilizing biofuels including those from woods has frequently been viewed as antiquated, its offer in the national economy terribly declining until the period succeeding the oil emerge ncy that hit the world during the 1970s. In any case, creation of this sort of vitality has been on the consistent ascent following developing concerns identified with environmental change, and the advancement of new biomass advances among different elements. Following a few investigations directed on the capability of bioenergy on a worldwide scale mulling over populace, yield and farming variables, it has been acknowledged Africa and

International Organization Based on the Assumption of Liberalism and Realism

Various speculations clarify why worldwide associations are createdWhich are fundamentally a reaction to issues of inadequate data, exchange costs, and different hindrances to productivity and government assistance improvement for their individuals. In any case, various inquiries like; do global associations truly do what their makers plan them to do?Do they truly bolster part states in accomplishing their essential advantages commonly? These basic inquiries and others of their preferences can be broke down somewhat by a few hypotheses proposed by various researchers in the field of universal relations.Such speculations are liberal, authenticity and constructivism yet the worry of this work is on authenticity and liberal hypothesis. Universal association is an association or relationship of States, or of endeavors or of other national elements set up across national boundaries.Examples are Of States, are the United Nations (UN) and the European Union (EU) of ventures: Transnational C orporations (TNCs); incorporate The Coca-Cola Company, Sony, McDonalds, Toyota, and so forth. Of other national substances; resemble Amnesty International; International Olympic Committee, World Organization of the Scout Movement, and the International Committee of the Red Cross.Around 30000 such associations are dynamic in around 300 nations and region over the world. Universal associations advanced after the Second World War, the bay between the global governmental issues and formal authoritative course of action which started to open in manners that were difficult to accommodate. This association appeared to reinforce in managing rising issues, for example, the expansion of property right, condition assurance and formal otherworldly power. The worldwide association was the appropriate response on settling aggregate problems.Public interestRefers to the net advantages inferred for, and procedural thoroughness utilized for, all general public corresponding to any activity, choice o r arrangement. Open may incorporate the most stretched out conceivable extent of society, case of people and gatherings sharing a commercial center for merchandise and enterprises (incorporated those gave by government), as those looking for economical expectation for everyday comforts and condition quality for themselves and people in the future. Interests are everything esteemed by individual and society, for example, financial opportunity, political force access to government property right.Those things we try to secure and control are intrigue like thoughts we seek to and insurances that are destructive. Authenticity hypothesis sees that world governmental issues is driven by serious personal responsibility; they accept that definitive dynamic among nations is a battle for power in an exertion by each to save or, ideally, improve its military security and monetary government assistance in rivalry with different countries.As a way to deal with worldwide legislative issues, authen ticity can be followed to such antiquated professionals and scholars as Sun Tzu (544-496 B. C) the Chinese general and the creator of The Art of War; Thucydides (460-399 B.C), a Greek student of history and creator of The History of the Peloponnesian War, and all the more as of late legislators, for example, Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898) the Iron Chancellor who built the unification of Germany under Prussian control. (Rourke 2012b; p20)Liberal theoryStates are not just ‘black boxes’ trying to endure and flourish in an anarchic framework. They are setups of individual and gathering intrigues who at that point venture interests into the worldwide framework through a specific sort of government. Endurance might just stay a key objective. In any case, business interests or ideological convictions may likewise be important.The standard way of thinking is that states make and representative to IOs since they give fundamental capacities. They give open merchandise, gather data , set up believable duties, screen understandings, and by and large assist states with beating issues related with aggregate activity and improve individual and aggregate welfare.Notable scholar pushing progressivism including Thomas Hill Green, John Rawls, John Lock, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill. Emanuel Kant, Jean Jacque Rousseau and the previous USA presidents Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Roosevelt.It is genuine saying that global associations dependent on the supposition that ‘’government focuses on open interest’’, this is on the grounds that universal associations sees that the legislature at a huge degree is the best answer for tackling open issues and a portrayal of open enthusiasm simultaneously. This meaning can be broke down using liberal and authenticity hypotheses as follows. Authenticity hypothesis as the main hypothesis of global association is utilized to demonstrate right the above citation as they accept that, endurance is the central obje ctive of each State. Pragmatists hold states to be the principle actors.It implies that state control each and everything. Regardless of whether local interests, key culture, or pledge to a lot of national standards would direct progressively altruistic or co-employable worldwide objectives, the insurgency of the universal framework necessitates that States continually guarantee that all states groups some military limit, and they have adequate capacity to shield themselves and advance their material advantages vital for endurance. Endurance of the state is significant for each person for instance United States regularly utilizes military force for the endurance and to safeguard her national advantages (Gulf war and Iraq war). (Wolfrum,2011)Realists have confidence in the anarchic structure of the worldwide framework as the most significant determinant of state conduct. Pragmatists accept that the universal framework exists in a condition of insurgency a term that infers not confu sion or nonappearance of structure and rules, but instead the absence of a focal government that can uphold rules. In this manner request for the state to keep up open intrigue, a state utilizes the monetary thriving and military may to settle on choices that are of much significance to the public.States will likewise go about as most ideal as so as to augment their probability of the general population and proceeding to exist. (In the same place) Realists hold states to be objective on-screen characters. This implies given the objective of endurance, States will go about as well as can be expected so as to boost their probability of proceeding to exist. In this manner States may make global law and worldwide establishments, and may implement the principles they classify. In any case, it isn't simply the standards that decide why a State demonstrations a specific way, however rather the fundamental material interests and force relations.A country’s international strategy may reflect expansive national destinations and the techniques governments use to control their activities in the worldwide field. Likewise an administration stretches out the household interests to the universal condition using international strategy that will manage the cooperation of the state with other worldwide entertainers like the global associations. For instance the international strategy of Tanzania is planned for building up the nation through monetary tact, local collaboration and multilateral relations.(ibid)Realism accept that all state groups military limit and no some other state thinks about neighbor mean exactly, in this manner the world is dubious and perilous, the main motivation behind state is to guard the enthusiasm of the state, empower state to endure while advancing open enthusiasm against remote attack and occupation. Through government organs like legal executive, assembly and official uphold laws to guarantee accomplishment of open intrigue, where individua ls have give up their position to the administration to secure their freedom, life and property.People may guarantee their wellbeing through government from inner and outer intrusion or dangers. (on the same page) Liberal hypothesis then again is another hypothesis of global connection which attempts to clarify reality of universal association on the supposition that administration focuses on open intrigue. This hypothesis examines how government targets giving open enthusiasm for a few different ways utilizing its key suppositions as follows. Radicalism accepts on fair strength hypothesis which lays on the perception that no two law based states have ever done battle with each other, and that law based states seldom strike first.Liberals contend that majority rules systems relate to each other on account of their mutual standards and qualities like the United States doesn’t need to take Canada incompletely in light of the fact that every nation accepts that residents reserve the privilege to pick their own administration and subsequently accept that vanquishing another nation and subjugating its resident isn't right. In addition majority rules systems are not commanded by the military and lie in the hands of an individual or a little gathering; pioneers are responsible to their kin, who are frequently hesitant to see their kids go to war.A assortment of issues can rule the global motivation. In contrast to pragmatist, dissidents accept that national security doesn't generally need to be of central significance monetary, natural issues, and human rights would all be able to turn into the most significant objective of a country. Additionally in radicalism the thoughts was universal and they depend each other to tackle certain issues for instance the issues of yearning isn't to Africa just yet it is worldwide while they give deferent guides to African.Also the issue of monetary emergencies is the western nations issues yet shacked till African due to lose helps and credits. The state demonstrations in the liberal of law, and not acts outside the law. Nonconformists fight that individuals and the nations that speak to them are fit for finding shared interests and collaboration to accomplish them at any rate to some degree by working through International associations and as indicated by International law. Then again dissidents don't excuse power as a factor, however they include profound quality, philosophy, feelings, (for example, the kinship and common character) and propensity for cooperation.Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1718), he contended that in s

How to Use Online Tutoring Services

How to Use Online Tutoring Services Using Online Tutoring Services to Ace Your Classes Using Online Tutoring Services to Ace Your Classes Living in the Digital Age means that we can now do a lot of things online that many generations before us never even dreamed about. You can order groceries online, shop for clothing, and even take accredited courses. Naturally, then, online tutoring services have become available for college and university students. All you need is an Internet connection, a webcam, and the desire to learn. Here is how you can take advantage of online tutoring services in order to get the most out of your experience as a student and prepare for the world ahead of you. Pick a Time That Works For You One of the many benefits of online tutoring is that you can create your own schedule and pick a time that works with your many social, work, and personal commitments. The best way to make this work for you and get the most out of your experience is to section off a certain time slot each week where you can be fully available and pay attention to your lesson, with no distractions. Choose a Tutor That Inspires You When you meet your tutor, you should feel inspired and motivated. They are going to be a solution to your academic problems and help you get ahead in your classes. At Homework Help Global, all of our writers and tutors are eager, experienced, and knowledgeable in their respective subjects. They will have no trouble empowering you and helping you achieve many of your academic goals. Make Sure You Have a Strong Internet Connection With online tutoring, all you need is an internet connection to reach the people who are going to help you through your studies. However, you should make sure you are using a strong connection that will be reliable during your sessions, as you’ll want to avoid any unexpected interruptions. Don’t be Shy! Your tutor is there to help make sure you learn as much as you can to be prepared for the road ahead. So don’t be afraid to ask as many questions as possible and speak up if you’re struggling with a certain concept or exercise. No one is going to judge youâ€" we are all on your side. Ready to Try Online Tutoring Services? Our online tutoring services provide easy, accessible one-on-one sessions that will help you get ahead in whichever class you need it. Each session is tailored to your own needs and goals, at your convenience. We are here to help. All you have to do is contact us to get started. References Cratty, R. (n.d.) 6 benefits of online tutoring. Care. Retrieved from . How to Use Online Tutoring Services Using Online Tutoring Services to Ace Your Classes Using Online Tutoring Services to Ace Your Classes Living in the Digital Age means that we can now do a lot of things online that many generations before us never even dreamed about. You can order groceries online, shop for clothing, and even take accredited courses. Naturally, then, online tutoring services have become available for college and university students. All you need is an Internet connection, a webcam, and the desire to learn. Here is how you can take advantage of online tutoring services in order to get the most out of your experience as a student and prepare for the world ahead of you. Pick a Time That Works For You One of the many benefits of online tutoring is that you can create your own schedule and pick a time that works with your many social, work, and personal commitments. The best way to make this work for you and get the most out of your experience is to section off a certain time slot each week where you can be fully available and pay attention to your lesson, with no distractions. Choose a Tutor That Inspires You When you meet your tutor, you should feel inspired and motivated. They are going to be a solution to your academic problems and help you get ahead in your classes. At Homework Help Global, all of our writers and tutors are eager, experienced, and knowledgeable in their respective subjects. They will have no trouble empowering you and helping you achieve many of your academic goals. Make Sure You Have a Strong Internet Connection With online tutoring, all you need is an internet connection to reach the people who are going to help you through your studies. However, you should make sure you are using a strong connection that will be reliable during your sessions, as you’ll want to avoid any unexpected interruptions. Don’t be Shy! Your tutor is there to help make sure you learn as much as you can to be prepared for the road ahead. So don’t be afraid to ask as many questions as possible and speak up if you’re struggling with a certain concept or exercise. No one is going to judge youâ€" we are all on your side. Ready to Try Online Tutoring Services? Our online tutoring services provide easy, accessible one-on-one sessions that will help you get ahead in whichever class you need it. Each session is tailored to your own needs and goals, at your convenience. We are here to help. All you have to do is contact us to get started. References Cratty, R. (n.d.) 6 benefits of online tutoring. Care. Retrieved from .

Pharmacy Compounding Regulations The Genesis of the Drug...

Compounding is an important facet of pharmaceutics that allows the formulation of specific drugs for individual patients. The work done at compounding pharmacies permits the development of medicinal products for patients that cannot tolerate certain components from mass production pharmaceutical companies. These individuals may require uniquely compounded agents to be flavorless, preservative-free, dye-free, liquid, solid, or more. These specialty production facilities are necessary for therapy and an acceptable quality of life for individuals with specific needs. Recently, the patient-driven role of designer therapeutics that compounding pharmacies occupy was overshadowed when a manmade epidemic was produced a medical catastrophe when supposedly sterile materials were contaminated with infectious agents.1 In September 2012, a now defunct Massachusetts compounding pharmacy, the New England Compounding Center (NECC) synthesized over 17,000 contaminated steroid pain injections that were shipped to 23 states.2 Up to this point, the methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) injections compounded by the NECC have caused the death of 64 people and resulted in 751 cases of fungal meningitis in 11 states. With over 750 cases and still counting, the NECC outbreak is one the largest of healthcare-associated infections ever reported in the United States.3 In 2006, the NECC was under investigation by the Massachusetts pharmacy board and the FDA for numerous complaints. The

Hamlet and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest - 766 Words

Many questions have been asked if Hamlet, McMurphy and Chief Bromden are crazy or sane. Hamlet is the main character from a play by William Shakespeare called Hamlet. McMurphy and Chief are characters from a novel by Ken Kesey called One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. There have been many scenes in the play where Hamlet might seams crazy but without a doubt he is sane. Even though McMurphy do some crazy things he is definitely not crazy because he is aware of his actions and he does all these insane things just to make the Nurse Ratched mad. Chief Bromden’s character can easily be identified as sane because he knows how to stay out of trouble and from getting electric shock treatments. Hamlet says to Horatio â€Å"How strange or odd soeer†¦show more content†¦Many times McMurphy seams crazy because of his inappropriate behavior but he can be concluded as sane. Chief silence and his actions at the beginning of the novel made readers think he is insane but when he speaks he sounds very sensible. These characters can be incredibly challenging to understand at some points but one can successfully negotiate that they are very muchShow MoreRelatedOne Who Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest Comparison to Hamlet583 Words   |  2 PagesMadness, Power, Rebellion, and Conformity are some of the many themes that prevail in Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Hamlet both express similar messages of sanity vs. insanity, control, and compliance through their characters. There is a thin line between normal and abnormal as depicted in Keseys and Shakespeares work. One must ponder the question; is McMurphy mentally ill or is he just a schemer rebelling? The doctor commented, ...Dont overlook the possibility that this manRead MoreMadness in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Hamlet Essay example2151 Words   |  9 PagesThe issue of madness has been touched by many writers. In this paper I will focus on two important writings which deal directly with the mental illnesses. The first one is One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest by Ken Kesey first published in 1962. The second is Hamlet written by Shakespeare approximately in 1602. Ken Kesey worked nights in a mental institution in California and his novel has a lot of truth in it. He faced patients insanity every day and was confident that it was natural responseRead MoreA Comparison of Hamlet and Mcmurphy in One Flew over the Cuckoos Nes2438 Words   |  10 PagesA Comparison of Hamlet and McMurphy in O ne Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest It is suggested that in modern literature, the true element of tragedy is not captured because the protagonist is often of the same social status as the audience, and therefor, his downfall is not tragic. This opinion, I find, takes little consideration of the times in which we live. Indeed, most modern plays and literature are not about monarchs and the main character is often equal to the common person; this, howeverRead More A Tale of Four Novels1596 Words   |  7 Pagesseeks to exterminate the bourgeoisie in order to gain freedom and get revenge at the same time. The central theme of man’s search for power is present in A Tale of Two Cities and is recurring in many works of literature including Hamlet, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest and 1984. In A Tale of Two Cities the primary conflict is the revolution in which the proletariat aim to overthrow the bourgeoisie in an effort to gain freedom as they are oppressed and in a state of poverty. Dickens has previously

Ethical Perspectives Free Essays

In the workplace, people at all levels of the organization are likely to encounter ethical dilemmas. An ethical dilemma is a situation where decisions have to be made that may be in conflict with one’s deeply held beliefs. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Perspectives or any similar topic only for you Order Now Oftentimes acting in the best interest of the company requires considering the needs of others, not just one’s personal feelings. Understanding that personal beliefs cannot rule all workplace decision making, and in speaking of potential ethical issues, most people will state emphatically that they will assess each situation fully and only act when all the data has been gathered and a thorough investigation has been performed. However, the reality is that people make quick decisions that do not always take into account all affected parties, referred to as stakeholders. Tools have been developed to help people prepare for actual workplace dilemmas. One such tool is the virtual EthicsGame Dilemmas. The simulation consists of two problematic workplace situations. The Case of the Mysterious Roses revolved around a woman, Gayle Dornier, receiving anonymous roses at work and how it made her feel as though she was being stalked, which in turn made her feel unsafe in the office (University of Phoenix, 2013). The other scenario, the Case of the Cold Feet, involved a researcher, Dr. Waters, who wanted his superior to assist him in presenting the best data possible for a medical journal article (University of Phoenix, 2013). This would ordinarily seem to be a legitimate request; however, the supervisor was privy to information which indicated the results from the research were not as favorable as the article described. The purpose of the games are to help people determine who are the stakeholders and the possible outcomes using different perspectives, or lens, such as the rights/responsibilities lens, results lens, relationship lens, and reputation lens. The Process In both situations, the steps used involved being attentive, which is when the issue is defined. In the Mysterious Roses case, the issue was ensuring that Gayle would be able to discuss what happened with her manager, while the manager maintained his/her responsibility to treat all employees fairly during the investigation. In the Cold Feet case, the issue was determining how to find the balance between dealing with the false data and preserving the reputation of the organization. The second steps involves being intelligent, which is the point at which the stakeholders are identified. Making decisions without first understanding which parties will be affected by the outcome would be irresponsible. There are two sets of stakeholders, primary and secondary. The primary stakeholders are anybody directly involved in the situation and the secondary stakeholders are those who are likely not to be affected directly, but if they are, it will be a blip in their life, whereas the primary stakeholders may suffer a loss of reputation, employment, or investment. The third step involves applying reason and using one of the lens techniques to determine which type of action will yield the best result. In the Mysterious Roses, the lens that worked best was the Rights/Responsibilities Lens, which is to tell Gayle that her issue can be kept confidential, but that it may have to be reported if it is a work-related problem. She should also be encouraged to review the Company Handbook before meeting with her manager to discuss the issue. This is a good decision from a risk to the company perspective as it ranks zero on a scale of zero to five. With the Cold Feet case, the best lens was the Reputation Lens, which was for the supervisor to inform the researcher, Dr. Waters, of his/her concerns regarding the data without alerting him to the fact that the information regarding the data had come from the junior researcher. This will give Dr. Waters time to admit what he did and possibly explain why. If he does not come clean, the supervisor should then make the general counsel aware of Dr. Waters’ actions. This approach is somewhat risky as this could be elevated to a legal matter which would have to be shared with the public; therefore, it has a risk value of one on a scale of zero to five. These ethical perspectives were right in line with my views. As I was going through the simulation, there was an instance where my stance waivered, however, it was only when I was asked to make the decision that had the greatest good for  the greatest amount of people. When I went back to my true feelings on the matters, my decisions were always in line with what was considered the best option. Applying these Concepts to the Workplace Because my true feelings regarding these situations were in line with what the simulation offered as the best possible solutions, I feel strongly that I will be able to effectively apply these concepts in my workplace. Successfully dealing with ethical dilemmas involves keeping a level head, determining the true issue, and then applying reason to identify stakeholders and work through the investigation process. These are skills I possess already and which will only improve over time with each ethical dilemma encountered. How to cite Ethical Perspectives, Papers

Our Right To Drugs Essays - Drug Control Law, Anti-psychiatry

Our Right To Drugs You might be tempted to label Thomas Szasz, author of Our Right to Drugs, The Case for a Free Market, a counter-culture hippie. However, this analysis couldn't be further from the truth. Szasz, a Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at the State University of New York Health Science Center in Syracuse, is a major supporter of civil liberties. He sees the so-called War on Drugs as one of the worst atrocities that the American Government has perpetrated on its people. Szasz contends that the prohibition of certain drugs, including common prescription drugs, is nothing more than the government telling the people that father knows best. It is this paternalistic attitude that Szasz finds so oppressive. Mr. Szasz makes three key arguments throughout his book. First, the War on Drugs is a failure and can never succeed. It should be stopped immediately. Second, drug legalization is not a viable answer. It would only turn into another attempt by the government to control drugs and would not be any more of a free market than the current system of drug prohibition. Third, he proposes a solution. The solution is to end all drug regulation by the government; in effect, creating a free market for drugs. He doesn't stop at illicit drugs, however. He also includes prescription drugs in this solution as well. He sees the government's drug control policy as an attempt by the government to control its population, much like a parent controls his/her children. In order to get at what Mr. Szasz is saying, we must first examine his definition of what a free market is. Szasz defines the free market as the right of every competent adult to trade in goods and services. (Szasz, page 2). In other words, he is outlining a laissez-faire system of the free market. Szasz contends that the government's only role in a free market is to protect people from force and fraud and, to the maximum extent possible, abstain from participating in the production and distribution of goods and services. (Szasz, page 2). In this system of laissez-faire, the government has a very small role. According to Szasz, the government should have a passive role in any market, including the market for drugs. Once the government gives up its active role, which is represented by the war on drugs, a free market for drugs which Szasz proposes can be attained. As we delve into Mr. Szasz's first argument, we begin to see major problems with the government's War on Drugs. According to Szasz, the prohibition of drugs is a blatant violation of human rights guaranteed to American citizens by the Constitution. In order to prove his point, he equates drugs to personal property. According to the Constitution, every American citizen shall have the inalienable right to life, liberty, and property, the first two elements resting squarely on the last. (Szasz, 1). Thus, Szasz contends that because both our bodies and drugs are types of property?producing, trading in, and using drugs are property rights, and drug prohibitions constitute a deprivation of basic constitutional rights. (Szasz, 2). In other words, just like the prohibition of alcohol required a constitutional amendment, so does the prohibition of drugs. Without that amendment, the prohibition of drugs is in direct violation of the Constitution. The second argument that Szasz makes is one, surprisingly enough, against the legalization of drugs. Even though Szasz argues for a free market for drugs, this is much different from the argument that self-proclaimed drug legalizers make. According to Szasz, most proponents of drug legalization argue for what he calls Legalization as Taxation (Szasz, page 106). Ethan Nadelmann, professor of politics and public affairs at Princeton University, claims the following, Let's say we decide, okay, we're not going to legalize crack; what we will do is legalize 15-percent cocaine. . . . Yes, some people are still going to want to go to the black market. . . and buy crack. You won't be able to prevent that. But let's say 70 percent of the market will be using the legal, less potent substance. That's good, because the government taxes it, regulates it. . . . The object is to undercut the criminal element (Szasz, page 106). From this,

Appleyrad essays

Appleyrad essays At the beginning of the novel, Joan Lindsay reveals Mrs. Appleyard as an Experience woman, strong mined, respectable, reliable, seen to have control of everything, etc. She had all it was expected to be a English Headmistress. Thought the novel we can see that Mrs. Appleyard changes drastically (physical and emotional deterioration)-character development-, this is caused because of the mysterious happenings at hanging rock. The consequences of this event causes the college to loss reliability, the parents, tutors of the girls that were in this school wanted them out because they were afraid of what could happen to them of they stayed. Mrs. Appleyard tried to control the situation but she couldn't it was all ready out of her hands. The press is an important factors for the school deterioration, the press fueled the flame of gossip and rumored horrors. This nightmare remained and would not be exorcised by a sleeping pill, nor a glass of bandy This sentence means that the problem couldn't be solved easily and would follow her for the rest of her life. Other important draw back that take Mrs. Appleyard to her total deterioration is the problems with the staff of the school. Almost all the personal is resigning for many reasons. In the case on Miss Valange, she was sick of Mrs. Appleyard using Sara as her escape goat. In the case of Dora Lumley she left the school because she sad the school ruined her prestige . Minne and tom were getting married and Madame also . Other important draw back are the girls that are living the school. Irma, Miranda, Marion were the main school financial support, and none of them were coming back to school. The headmistress was very affected because of this. All her anger and depression was delivered to a particular student, Sara Wayboure. Sara was miss Appleyard escape goat Stand up straight and listen to me since you can give me no help I s...

Barack Obama, Donald Trump and the Birther Movement

Barack Obama, Donald Trump and the Birther Movement Barack Obama’s legacy as the 44th U.S. president includes the killing of Osama bin Laden, helping the economy bounce back from the Great Recession and his controversial health care plan, but his time in office will forever be linked to the birther movement as well. Birthers not only framed Obama as an illegitimate president but also paved Donald Trump’s path to the White House. With this overview, learn the origins of the movement, how it spread, and its effect on Obama. Birtherism in Context Barack Obama was born Aug. 4, 1961, in Honolulu, Hawaii, to a native Kansan mother, Ann Dunham, and a native Kenyan father, Barack Obama Sr. But birthers contend that the president was born in Kenya, like his father. They argue that this made him ineligible to be president. Since Ann Dunham was a U.S. citizen, the birther rumors, even if true, would still be wrong about Obama’s eligibility to be president. As the Harvard Law Review explained in 2015: â€Å"All the sources routinely used to interpret the Constitution confirm that the phrase ‘natural born citizen’ has a specific meaning: namely, someone who was a U.S. citizen at birth with no need to go through a naturalization proceeding at some later time. And Congress has made equally clear from the time of the framing of the Constitution to the current day that, subject to certain residency requirements on the parents, someone born to a U.S. citizen parent generally becomes a U.S. citizen without regard to whether the birth takes place in Canada, the Canal Zone, or the continental United States.† The U.S. State Department also notes that a child born abroad to an American citizen and â€Å"one alien parent† acquires U.S. citizenship at birth. The birthers have never disputed that Ann Dunham was a U.S. citizen. Their failure to do so seriously weakens their argument, not to mention the fact that Obama has provided documentation about his birthplace, a Honolulu newspaper announced his birth just days afterward and family friends said they met him as a newborn in Hawaii. These friends include former Hawaii Gov. Neil Abercrombie. Abercrombie knew both of Barack Obamas parents well. â€Å"Of course, we had no idea at the time that the future president of the United States was that little boy, that little baby,† Abercrombie told CNN in 2015. The former governor became emotional discussing the birther accusations. â€Å"I would just like to ask people who have this political orientation towards the president, respect us here in Hawaii, respect his mother and father. Respect the people that I loved and the people that I knew and the little boy who grew up here in paradise and became president.†Ã‚   How the Birther Movement Began Although the birther rumors became extremely widespread, a lot of confusion exists about the origins of the movement. In fact, it has been linked to both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. But did either of these two, who became rivals during the 2016 presidential race, actually begin the birther movement? Donald Trump’s remarks about birtherism have only added to the confusion. â€Å"Hillary Clinton and her campaign in 2008 started the birther controversy,† Trump said  while campaigning for president in 2016. â€Å"I finished it.† In 2015, U.S. Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) also blamed Hillary Clinton for the birther rumors. But both Politifact and Fact-check.org, reportedly the first website to acquire Obama’s birth certificate, have found no connection between the 2008 Clinton campaign and the birther rumors, even if some of her supporters latched on to the unfounded claims. Birtherism simply can’t be traced to a single source, but Politico has linked it to an anonymous chain email from 2008. The email reportedly stated: â€Å"Barack Obama’s mother was living in Kenya with his Arab-African father late in her pregnancy. She was not allowed to travel by plane then, so Barack Obama was born there and his mother then took him to Hawaii to register his birth.† Daily Beast editor John Avlon has blamed Clinton volunteer Linda Starr of Texas for spreading the email. For her part,  Clinton has adamantly denied involvement in the smear campaign. She told CNN’s Don Lemon that to blame her â€Å"is so ludicrous, Don. You know, honestly, I just believe that, first of all, it’s totally untrue, and secondly, you know, the president and I have never had any kind of confrontation like that. You know, I have been blamed for nearly everything, that was a new one to me.† While the name of the birther responsible for the viral email remains unknown, some birthers have proudly identified themselves with the movement. They include Jerome Corsi, whose 2008 book, â€Å"Obama Nation,† accused the president of maintaining dual American and Kenyan citizenship. There’s also former Pennsylvania deputy attorney general Phil Berg. â€Å"Obama carries multiple citizenships and is ineligible to run for President of the United States. United States Constitution, Article II, Section 1,† Berg said in a federal District court complaint filed on Aug. 21, 2008. Berg had spent the previous years suggesting that George W. Bush was somehow involved in the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. After his lawsuit about Obama’s birthplace came others. Alan Keyes, who ran against Obama in the 2004 Senate race and later for president, filed a suit in California concerning Obama’s eligibility to be president. California resident Orly Taitz would file more suits. New Jersey resident Leo Donofrio filed such a suit as well. The courts have ultimately  dismissed all suits involving the birther claims. How Birthers Have Affected Obama In response to the birther claims, Obama has released his birth certificate, which in Hawaii is a certificate of birth. But birthers, including Donald Trump, insisted that the certificate was invalid. Hawaii state officials have even vouched for Obama, including Dr. Chiyome Fukino, then director of the Hawai’i State Department of Health. The doctor swore in 2008 and 2009, â€Å"I... have seen the original vital records maintained on file by the Hawai’i State Department of Health verifying Barrack (sic) Hussein Obama was born in Hawai’i and is a natural-born American citizen.† Still, Donald Trump appeared on a number of television programs questioning the authenticity of Obama’s birth certificate and suggesting that no hospital records of his birth in Hawaii could be found. His wife,  Melania Trump, made such  claims on television as well. Spreading the birther claims earned Trump a following among Americans aggrieved that Obama was president. According to polls, more than a quarter of Americans believed Obama was not born in the United States because of the controversy. After years of declaring otherwise, Trump finally admitted that Obama was a U.S. citizen. While stumping for Hillary Clinton in September 2016, First Lady Michelle Obama called the birther claims â€Å"hurtful, deceitful questions, deliberately designed to undermine [Obama’s] presidency.†

Why do you think science fiction is so popular today Essay

Why do you think science fiction is so popular today - Essay Example the modern world is attributable to the great scientific progress that has been made in recent years, the expansive nature of the genre, and a general unease with contemporary society and our collective futures. One of the major reasons science fiction is widely popular today is because of modern technological advances. The last two decades have witnessed an infusion of technology the rapid progression of which the world has never before experienced. In these regards, one considers the development of the Internet and digital technology as some of the prominent developments. In addition, cloning and stem cell research has also presented great potential for the genre. Ultimately, with the explosion of these technologies a corresponding desire to explore their extreme potentials in literature and entertainment has largely fueled the genre. Another prominent reason science fiction is extremely popular in the contemporary world is because of the expansive nature of the genre. Science fiction is unique among genres in that it is restricted only by the imagination of the writer. This is contrasted with genres such as film noir, westerns, or even romantic comedies that are subject to highly restrictive genre conventions that grow tired after a number of years. Conversely science fiction is constantly able to reinvent itself in accord with specific changes in technology and the cultural milieu. This ability to constantly explore the spectrum of human knowledge and experience allows the genre to stay highly relevant in the contemporary world. A final reason science fiction is widely popular is because of general unease with society and our collective futures. The current world has problems. Countries such as Italy and Greece are facing bankruptcy and the rest of Europe and the United States face a considerable recession. There are growing concerns with global warming, world hunger, and HIV. With this great amount of social unease the need for a dream-like and imaginary

Natural sister Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Natural sister - Essay Example condary intervention in the case of the disaster would include laboratory testing and x-ray imaging in order to detect internal fractures and metabolic upsets. For example, the nurses in Haiti could use X-ray images to identify broken limbs. The testing enables nurses to make well-versed diagnoses and thus offer effective treatment. Tertiary intervention involves follow-up activities that nurses can engage in after treating an incident. In this case, the nurses would conduct physical examinations especially for broken limbs and laboratory tests for other metabolic problems. The intervention is easier if access to health care services for victims is streamlined. The above intervention would be ideal in the response phase of the disaster. The reasoning is that at this stage, the health hazards can be determined. In addition, it is impossible to ascertain the level of damage before a disaster. The response requires a collective effort of the public, government and civil societies. The government plays a bigger role in ensuring that the medical services reach all the people affected by the disaster and ensuring availability of medical

Vendor managed inventory in fmcg sector supply chain

Vendor managed inventory in fmcg sector supply chain Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is a planning and management system in which vendor is fully responsible for the replenishment of inventory based on timely point of sale information to the buyers (retailer) place. This concept helps increases the customer responsiveness by reducing the supply and demand gap thus giving the satisfaction to end customer by increasing availability of the desired product when customer wants it. Supply chain partners must share their vision of demand, requirement and constraint to set the common objectives (Guillaume et al; 2008). Quality of buyer supplier trust and relationship, quality of ICT system and intensity of information sharing has positive impact on VMI implementation (Marloes et al; 2008). Information technology combined with VMI offers a clear view of inventory holding location giving supplier better information for replenishment planning (Malla et al; 2007). Before implementation of VMI, analysis of the level of uncertainty of customer demand is needed as high uncertainty in demand negatively influences the performance attained through VMI (Kazim Sari 2007). Upstream data transferred to suppliers i.e. current inventory level and accurate sales forecast is the most important factor for the successful implementation of VMI (Astrid Vigtil, 2007). Benefits of VMI implementation depend on contextual factors surrounding the implementation and dyadic intentions (Jongk yung et al; 2009). Implementing VMI is not solo effort it can be beneficial if company wide effort is involved (George kuk, 2004). VMI supply chain has improved dynamic response which causes reduction in manufacturing on cost and transportation demand (S.M. Disney et al; 2003). VMI gives benefits to retailer as manufacturer stock more to reduce risk of stock out which in turn reduces retailer holding and shortage cost and increases its profit (Brendra k et al; 2004). Implementation of VMI in FMCG sector of Pakistan is a major challenge for the FMCG companies and the retailers both. Maintaining of high quality error-free service in the dynamic and uncertain environment of Pakistan with lack of ICT infrastructure (information and communication technology) is a huge pressure. Due to heterogeneous customer base complete VMI implementation in this scenario is not possible so FMCG companies need to carry out its operation in both the way i.e. for the both VMI and non VMI customers. For flexible and fast communication between FMCG producers and retail chains proper ICT infrastructure is mandatory. So companies need to invest web-based information transfer systems like EDI (electronic data interchange). Adoption of VMI is not an easy task for companies as it requires heavy investment and commitment of retailers that how much they are willing to share POS information. Before full and final implementation of VMI companies must need to find out the right re tailers to be served and the factors that are acting as a barrier from retailers side as the clear and fault free implementation will have a great influence on future business performance outcomes. Objective of this paper is to find out the suppliers/manufacturer perceived objectives, drivers, obstacles, performance outcomes for implementing VMI in FMCG sector of Pakistan. Organizational objectives => Lead-time reduction, improvement in forecasting accuracy, improvement in customer service improvement in profit margin, improvement in rate of return, increase sales, control of bullwhip effect, Strategic drivers => Competition, shorter product life cycle, global supply chain, corporate restructuring. Obstacles => Ineffective organizational structure, lack of suitable it infrastructure, improper decision-support tool, lack of trust and mutual understanding between supply chain partners, internal/external integration, Performance outcomes => Effective production planning, effective forecasting, effective replenishment, effective inventory control and management, effective logistics and distribution management This paper is organized in sections. Section 1 offers the introduction; section 2 presents the literature review on research practices on VMI; section 3 is comprised of methodology: section 4 consist of data analysis and section 5 draws the conclusion regarding the findings. LITERATURE REVIEW Jan Holmstrom (1998) studied a single case study to analyze the benefits of implementation of SAP R/3 in VMI between vendor and its wholesaler. It is found that administrative cost for vendor product is reduced with reduced delivery cost which in turn gives benefit to end customer through low prices. It is also found that demand variability, inventory level and order per delivery lead time also greatly reduces which give competitive advantage to both vendor and whole seller. It is suggested that full benefit can be attained if vendor extends its number of customers. Sila cetinkaya et al (2000) studied the inventory replenishment and shipment decision in VMI through analytical model. Manufacturer with random demand patterns and retailers dispersed in different geographical areas are taken into account. Manufacturer has the freedom of holding small sized orders and dispatches it until the consolidation volume gathers. It is found that inventory costs are reduced if the inventory and shipments decision optimally coordinated. Susan cohen kulp (2002) studied the impact of internal information (sales and inventory) accuracy and its reliability on supply chain profits in vendor managed inventory. Theoretical models of two system traditional and VMI are analyzed which indicates that the accurate information helps manufacturer to forecast the consumer demand accurately which increases manufacturer and retailer over all profits. Hypothesis was tested through survey of 53 divisions of manufacturers in the FCPG industry. Result shows that use of VMI increases with the detail and reliability of retailers internal information and wholesale prices are lowered with the extent of VMI use. It is suggested that VMI will lead to higher supply chain profits if retailer and manufacturer both are willing to share accurate information and use this information in taking inventory management decisions. Terrance et al (2003) identified the distinction between supplier managed inventory (SMI) vendor managed inventory (VMI) through theoretical framework. Economic value analysis (EVA) is used to determine the non financial benefits and burdens of VMI and SMI implementation and effect of VMI and SMI on enhancement of share holder value.it is suggested that EVA analysis will help manager to identify the opportunities to increase the share holder value across both firms S.M. Disney et al (2003) studied the effect of VMI strategies on transport operation and order batching activities. Three different scenarios traditional, internal consolidation and VMI are modeled through system dynamics methodology and tested through simulation. It was found that VMI supply chain has improved dynamic response which causes reduction in manufacturing on cost and transportation demand. Transportation cost saving in VMI is possible for long term and short term and this saving is not effected by escapable and inescapable cost. This paper may help in developing the policy regarding VMI and supply chain (distribution, production scheduling etc.). S.M. Disney et al (2003) investigated the comparison between VMI and traditional seriously linked supply chain in producing bullwhip effect. Different equations are developed and simulation model testing was applied. Four variables as a source of bullwhip; price variations, rationing and gaming, demand signal processing, and order batching, were tested in traditional and VMI supply chain scenarios. It was found that through VMI supply chain all the variables can be avoided through well designed system. Demand signal processing and order batching can only be eliminated through inventory holding in traditional supply chain. For future it is suggested that VMI would be of greater benefit if the supplier uses inventory and sales information in making production and inventory management decision process. George kuk (2004) investigated the determinants and outcomes of VMI in electronic industry through survey of 94 employees of 25 companies who fully implemented VMI. Four hypotheses were created having 3 independent variables: organization size, number of employees involved in VMI and type of logistic integration, 3 dependent variables: information quality enhancement, service quality improvement and cost reduction. Through ANOVA testing it is analyzed that large level of employee involvement, small size of organization and integrated logistics achieves more benefits of VMI. It is suggested that implementing VMI is not solo effort it can be beneficial if company wide effort is involved. Brendra k et al (2004) investigated how the substitution brand competition gives benefit to retailer in VMI. Two level supply chain is taking having one retailer and 2 manufacturer of competing substitutable brand and through analysis of mathematical model it is found that VMI gives benefits to retailer as compare to non VMI as due to increase competition manufacturer stock more to reduce risk of stock out which in turn reduces retailer holding and shortage cost and increases its profit. For future research it is suggested to include inter retailer intra brand substitution competition. Pamela danese (2006) identified the way to use extended vendor managed inventory (VMI) both upstream and downstream amongst various supply chain partners to organize the information and material flows. Case study analysis approach is used taking supply chain network of leading pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). Through collected data it is shown that Information flows among the supply network members, information systems and performance monitoring system are some of the requisite of extended VMI. In GSK Information flow is achieved by EDI system which enhanced the service level, production capacity, and the inventory management. Central information system helps in production planning and order cycle processes in up stream and downstream supply network. Performance monitoring system motivates and improves the performance and allows supply chain members to over come their reluctances to share information. It is suggested that collaborative planning, forecasting and replenish ment (CPFR) should be taken into consider future research on extended VMI. Yuliang Yao et al (2007) explored how supply chain parameters affect the cost saving in VMI and sharing of this benefit between buyer and supplier. Two level supply chain having single supplier and single buyer modeled. Through analysis of model it is found that inventory cost reduction greatly depend on ratio of order cost of supplier to buyer and ratio of carrying cost of supplier to buyer. Buyer takes all the benefits of inventory reduction whereas supplier inventory level may increased which may lead to high logistic cost to supplier side. So its suggested to have side payment arrangement between buyer and supplier to get VMI worked in long run. Malla et al (2007) investigated the impact of VMI model on organizations inventory associated cost. Case study of market leader of tyre manufacturer has taken which has which has largest distribution network across India, USA and UK. Through simulation of model it is found that integration of information technology provide a clear picture of inventory holding locations which helps supplier in planning and replenishment of inventory across supply chain, which reduces bullwhip effect, safety stock and W.I.P and improves customer service. Some of the limitations of this model are high initial investment cost and lack of integration of systems. Astrid Vigtil (2007) investigated the required information exchange in VMI with the support of five buyer-supplier pair in Norwegian geographic. Semi-structured detailed interviews were conducted with the representative of different companies having logistic managerial position or similar. It was concluded through interviews that flow of upstream data is more critical rather than downs-stream data. Visibility of current inventory status and sales forecast are most important factor for suppliers and there is different kind of information needed depends upon operational mode of buyer in make to stock and make to order. In future it is implicated that for the higher efficiency of VMI electronic integration and automatic data transfer should be priorities as it supports supplier in planning of replenishment. Kazim Sari (2007) examined the benefits of VMI in achieving the increased performance through different levels of outside supply capacity, demand uncertainty, and lead time. Data were collected through simulation model; Crystal Ball, an MS Excel add-in. After retrieving data statistical test MANOVA is applied and it was concluded that high uncertainty in customers demand has negative influence on the VMI performance. There is also a direct relationship between the manufacturing capacity of outside supplier and performance of VMI. As long as the ratio between retailer and supplier lead times remains constant the performance level of VMI remain unchanged. For future implication it is recommended that before taking any decision relating VMI implementation it is necessary to conduct cost-benefit analysis if upstream information sharing is poor or customer demand is highly uncertain. Mikael Stahl Elvander et al (2007) proposed the structure for the numerous setups that could be arranged while establishing a VMI system. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from 15 company of Switzerland. Six framework were prepared and tested against the focus group consisted of representative of nine different companies including suppliers and customers who already had implemented VMI, in workshop. Through workshop it was deduce that there are a number of different ways in which VMI system can be configured, that will limit a suppliers likelihood to employ the information made accessible through VMI. It is suggested that the challenges related to operation and management may differ in different VMI system configuration. This should be taken into consideration in order to find best optimal VMI system configuration. Atul B. Borade Satish V. Bansod (2008) studied motives, drivers, obstacles and benefits of VMI practices in e-environment. Key variables were compared between small and large Indian industry questionnaires were filled by 112 large companies and 86 small companies and hypothesis was tested through independent sample t-test. It was resulted that motives, drivers, obstacles and benefits are considerably different for small and large enterprises while adopting VMI. It was found that the major objective for SMEs is profit improvement and for large companies is improved customer service. Driver for SMEs is competition and for large companies it is global supply chain. Obstacle in implementing VMI for SMEs is lack of IT infrastructure and for large companies is lack of trust between supply chain partners. Objective for SMEs is profit improvement and for large companies is improved customer service. Benefits gain for SMEs is better forecasting and for large companies is improved logistic an d distribution management. It is suggested that IT can gives companies advantages to maximize end consumer value and reduce operating expense as it gives the real time information of marketing conditions. Guillaume Marques et al (2008) examined the integrated view of the VMI. Outside the short term pull system inventory replenishment, partners have to share their demand forecast, requirements and their limitations to fix middle/long term common objectives. In order to conduct the study 28 articles were review and it was concluded that there was no doubt about the real application of VMI in industry. What clearly is VMI and how can it be correctly implement in supply chain is not clear. It cannot be justify whether VMI is a model, a process, a strategy, a relationship, a link. Juhwen Hwang, Su-Hwa Wu and Yu-Yen Huang (2008) studied the supplier performance enhancement in term of total relevant cost/unit. Three different models were proposed for single supplier with heterogeneous retailers, one is uncooperative model with independent inventory management system, second model was VMI model in which supplier is responsible for inventory replenishment order cost and certain degree of holding cost and third model was VMI/CRE model, in which VMI is combined with CRE (common replenishment epochs) strategy. Data was analyzed through Algorithm and numerical experimental design and it was concluded that VMI and VMI/CRE results are significant for supplier performance as compared with uncooperative model. For the future implication it is suggested that the supplier are required to provide incentives such as price discounts to compensate the losses which are bear by retailers so that aligning ordering schedules with CRE. Marloes J. T. Claassen et al (2008) studied the perspective of buyer in term of benefit gained through VMI. Research model was formulated having four key variables; quality of ICT system, quality of information, intensity of information sharing and relationship quality. Sample of 64 Dutch buyer responded through email and model was tested through Partial Least Square (PLS) technique. It was resulted that the quality of the buyer-supplier relation, quality of IT-system and intensity of service level has an impact on buyer-perceived VMI benefits and it is not impacted by actual quality of the information shared. Furthermore three outcomes of VMI performance are higher customer service level, efficient control over supply chain and cost reduction to some extent. It is proposed that the primary benefit of VMI implementation is not cost reduction; it is high customer service level and supply chain control which can be obtained through better relationship with supplier and efficient IT inf rastructure. Jouni Kauremaa et al (2009) found out the types of benefits of VMI program and its sharing at the five levels (supplier vs. buyer). An exploratory multiple case study research methodology was used. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interview from five operational levels. It is concluded that for buyer and supplier, VMI can lead to strategic and operational benefit both which is depending on pair intentions and contextual factors surrounding the given application. It is suggested that with the help of contextual factors VMI system can be designed with more accurate and perfect implementation targets. Kari Tanskanen et al (2009) investigated the challenges faced by the construction industry at corporate level to manage logistics and to evaluate VMI as a solution of logistics for small items. Three residential house construction companies were elected located in Helsinki, quantitative and qualitative data were collected through web cameras observations and interviews. Percentage analysis was applied on quantitative data and on the bases of outcomes it was concluded that VMI is a suitable solution for small item logistics for the construction companies. For future it is implicated to work on other industries located in different geographical location. Jongkyung Park et al (2009) investigated a framework for integrative SRM (supplier relation ship management) system by exploring broad approaches to overall SRM functions. Frame work includes five stages: Setting up of purchasing strategies, Selection of a supplier, Cooperation, supplier valuation and enhancement and endowment of continuous improvement. For this past studies related to SRM were examined and a framework for an integrative SRM system was recommended through which a case study was performed constructed on the systematic hierarchy procedure with a field survey. Results shows that the benefits of SRM can be obtained through the suggested framework and it is applicable to real fields through application case. It is recommended that this framework will help purchasing manager to analyze strategic features of SRM before and during the SRM system operation. Francesco Zammori et al (2009) identified the standard configuration of a vendor managed inventory (VMI) contract which will be a building block for the initial explanation of the agreement. For this study an Italian plant was selected as an ideal candidate because of complexity of its manufacturing process and the data in the form of the information flow and the technical specifics which are critical before any operational setup are recognized and discussed and formed as parameters for the explanation of the elementary frame of the agreement. It is revealed that VMI agreement should be organized into segments by having generic and legal sides and official aspects included in the annexes. This will increases the flexibility of agreement As VMI relationship progresses with the time.it is proposed that this flexible structure of VMI agreement can be easily implemented by several industrial fields. Atul et al (2010) studied the difference in the practices of VMI in small and large Indian industry. Key variables were objective, drivers, obstacles and impact of VMI in large and small Indian industries, questionnaires were filled by 98 large companies and 63 small companies and hypothesis was tested through independent sample t-test. It was resulted that objectives, strategic drivers, obstacles and affected operational areas are considerably different for small and large enterprises while adopting VMI. It was also found that the major objectives for adopting VMI are customer service and profit improvement. For future it is recommended that the research should be perform on more variables and for other geographical (culture) areas. METHODOLOGY Data were collected through primary source and research approach to be of qualitative in nature as the aim of this paper is to explore the supplier perception and opinion about implementation of VMI in FMCG companies operating in Pakistan. Exploratory semi structured interviews had been conducted with the key person of FMCG companies working in Pakistan. Then through the inductive reasoning observation will be analyzed and the theory is be generated.

Nonstop of Musical Innovation Essay

In recent times, pop culture had been one of the most evident products of media which had strongly influenced many, many generations including our present society. Legions of different rock bands from the very famous groups such as Beatles, The Who, Metallica and Aero Smith and other different bands and artists have sprung out through the years and have influenced the kind or genre of music that can be currently heard by many people. Different age groups had been affected the lyrics, rhythm, and trends that all the bands had brought to the public. The popularity of the pop culture had spread in different parts of the United States as well as other countries. Aerosmith: In the early times of rock music artist such as Elvis Presley and the band called Beatles had been invading the airwaves. Most of the albums made by these artists had been best sellers in the world having sold millions and millions of copies in every record that they have made. Because of the uniqueness and charm of these artists many people had been captivated by them. Millions of fans adores and put them in a pedestal like they were gods. Devotion to these people was too much that there were horrendous acts done by people just in order to see them live. The frenzy of admiring rock and roll bands had been absorbed by the next generation and was passed to the incoming rock bands of the next generations. In the 1970’s a new rock band paved its way in the rock music scene called the Aerosmith. This group became the most popular hard rock band of the 70’s that have set the sound and style of heavy metal and hard rock for two decades given their rough bluesy attitude. This Boston based group of five discovered a sound between the menace of the band Rolling Stones and campy, grubby grandiosity of the punk rock band called the New York Dolls. In the flowery words of writer Stephen Thomas Erlewine Aero Smith â€Å"developed a lean, dirty riff-oriented boogie that was loose and swinging and as hard as a diamond† (Erlewine n. p. ). The rock band was originally from Boston and was also known as â€Å"The Bad Boys of Boston† and â€Å"The Greatest Rock and Roll Band† due to their attitude on stage and the transform that they have contributed to the American music and its society. The band had mixed the sound of hard rock, metal, and R&B which was imitated by many artists and bands of the following generations. The band have musically innovated this type of music which had been their signature sound. However, this band did not start from the top of the music industry thus they started in Massachusetts, Boston and eventually they were able to acquire supporters that followed them through out their career. The band Aerosmith is composed of 5 group members with Steve Tyler as the lead vocalist, Joe Perry and Ray Tabano as the guitarists, Tom Hamilton as the bassist, and Joe Kramer as their drummer. After a few months of playing together, Ray Tabano was replaced by another guitarist named Brad Whitford. After only 2 years of continuous gigs the band already has recorded songs for Columbia Records and their album was first release in 1973. Their album was entitled Aerosmith which already sold millions of records. Their following album was released and became successful. In 1976, their album Rock has made their existence in the music industry stable. Due to this album, the band had been named as one of the most significant artists that are in the hard rock genre. Through the continuous rise of the band’s career, conflicts within the groups have risen. Misunderstanding among its group members became a problem that they needed to face. Another issue that they have to overcome was the drug addiction of members of their group Due to these concerns two of the band members Perry and Whitford left the band in 1979 and 1981. In the following years of Aerosmith’s career, they have received nominations and gained more fans through the years. Due to the unchanging popularity of the band and their songs, the new generations of listeners were grabbed by this band gaining more support and influence unlike other band did. The ability of the band to relate their lyrics to the current listeners and their talent to mix genres of music had been very helpful for the group because they had been flexible for all their listeners. Though the years, many different songs had been popularized by the band. Many songs made by Aerosmith have topped the charts of MTV, Billboard and the likes. They were also nominated in different parts of the world and had performed in different stages may it be in Europe, Asia, or Latin America. Their songs had been soundtracks for different movies like Armagedon, Charlie’s Angels and other long list of other movies. All the songs that were done by the Aerosmith had been a hit for most people and one of the most popular songs that they had made was â€Å"Walk this Way. † The song was made in 1970s and became one of the most popular songs at that time. The heavy rock blues of the song became one of the most significant symbols of the era due to the honestly of the lyrics and the upbeat rhythm of the song. It had captured the ears of mostly the teenagers who would definitely relate to the lyrics of the song. Walk this Way: Aerosmith and Run DMC In the August of 1975, the song â€Å"Walk this Way† was released by Aerosmith that was in the â€Å"Top of the Attic† album. The song itself had topped the Billboard Charts 100 and America’s top ten (Power 22) when it was released. Based on Maury Dean the author of the book â€Å"Rock ‘N’ Roll Gold Rush: A Singles Un-cyclopedia,† said that the song â€Å"Walk this Way† of the year 1975 said that â€Å"its lyrics get often smushed by screeching guitars, smashing crash drum thunder, whooshing keyboards, and keening guitar phrasers. Then the bass uppercuts the overwhelmed singer off an amp the since of a Rolls-Royce† these were that words expressed by the author as he describes the song launched by the Aerosmith. In another book written by Martin Power, he also described the song and said that the song â€Å"Walk this way† is a â€Å"wise –cracking tale of lost virginity† (Power 22). In Songfacts. com, it was understood that the song was about a â€Å"promiscuous cheerleader who leads a school boy through his first sexual experience. † In the following facts, it was said that the song was inspired by the movie â€Å"Young Frankenstein. † In the movie, Igor tries to teach Frankenstein to â€Å"walk this way. † Franskenstein then imitates the walk of Igor and learns how to walk. Aerosmith finds Frankenstein’s walk funny and then they decided to make it as the title of the song. Immediately, the song was written by Steve Tyler however, when they were about to record the song, he left the lyrics in the cab that they rode. Steve Tyler immediately ran outside of the studio but he was not able to neither call the cab nor obtain the lyrics again. In the last minute, Tyler wrote the lyrics on the wall. A fresh material such as the talk box was used in making this hit song. For your added information, a device box is used by guitarists to create vocal sounds through a vinyl tube that is fastened to the unit that is attached to the output/speakers of the guitar amplifier. An example is in the video of the Bon Jovi â€Å"It’s My Life,† where in the guitarist was controlling the sound of the guitar to create new dynamics of sounds being radiated by the guitar. In the continuing years, the song â€Å"Walk this Way† was stuck into the minds of people as well as many artists. The song was well appreciated by many and due to this a remake of this song was made in 1986 by a group called Run DMC. The group is composed of 3 African-American men that had made a mark in the musical industry similar to Aerosmith. The genre of this group is Rap and Hip-Hop which is very different from the genre of the rock band. Parallel to the rock band Aerosmith, Run DMC are legendary in their specialized genre. They had also won awards in the MTV music awards and Billboard Awards. Currently they are seen as hip-hop legends and an inspiration for many aspiring artists of the present time (Sony BMG Music Entertainment n. p. ). The remake of the song â€Å"Walk this Way† by Run DMC made a unique strike in the music industry. The two very different musical genres have come together in one song without over powering or overlapping the unique sounds of the two bands. The rugged sound of Aerosmith and the upbeat tempo of Run DMC were both evident and enjoyed by their followers. Due to remake and the collaboration of the song, the lyrics of the next version were changed to fit the rap part of Run DMC which elaborated the theme of the song. In the book written by Anthony De Curtis, he stated that â€Å"it was one of the first rap videos to get heavy play on MTV† (DeCurtis 248). In another phrase stated in the book of DeCurtis he said that, â€Å"the video was a successful attempt to introduce rap music to the white audiences† (De Curtis 248). In the point of view of DeCurtis, he sees that the collaboration of these two legendary artists have opened up the white Americans and African-American supporters of these groups to open up the minds of in the types of music that they are hearing. Although in the 1990s, racism was not a big issue unlike in the history of the United States, the types of music that person chooses reflects of the cultural background of the listener. The labeling of the hard rock genre is the type of music that white Americans wants to hear while the African-Americans listen to rap and hip hop music. Through this song, the strictly limited genres of hard rock and hip hop opened up to the whole society while showing that White American music and African-American music could be combined and eventually creating a new type of music. In addition, the video of the song was very symbolic in a sense that the video showed a wall separating the two artists—which were purely whites (Aerosmith) and purely African-Americans (Run DMC) on the other side. In reality, the invisible wall that is separating the two races was very present due to many factors of the society. As mentioned earlier, the connotation of white Americans as listeners of the hard rock genre and the African-Americans as listeners of the hip hop culture. In the conservative view, any person that is showing interest in a genre not usually appreciated by his/her race is seen as unfaithful to his/her community but through the music made by these artists. In some sense, the capability to hatch up the two very different musical genres was made possible. Aerosmith and Run DMC were able to reach the masses and were able to communicate their intentions. The successful collaboration of these two legendary artists led the way for the younger generations to appreciate the new genre created by these artists. In much recent times, the very obvious collaborations of various artists with different types of genres had somehow been a trend. Current artists such as Linkin Park, Limp Biscuit, Korn, Papa Roach, Incubus and Blink 182 are some of the most popular bands who had been exemplifying the great influence Aerosmith and Run DMC. The mixture of hip-hop, rap and rock is in fact manifest in the music made by these artists. Still, the upbeat tempo of rhyming words and the heavy screeching of the guitar had been a great influence for many artists today and is continuously developed to create new genres of music. Looking at the current music industry, more and more artists had been collaborating with one another. One example is Mariah Carey which never fails to include collaborations in her album and it eventually became her signature style. Artists such as the Black Eyed Peas have collaborated with a couple of various artists that has different genres such as Sergio Mendez (Bossa Nova) , Justine Timberlake (pop/ R&B) just to name a few. Jack Johnson an acoustic artist allows his music to be mixed which house music in order to create new a fresh sound out of the old ones. Timbaland a very well known producer and artists is one of the most famous individuals in Hollywood that made collaborations of artists. Most of the collaborations that he produced topped the charts in different parts of the country and the world. Through the continuous creativity, innovation and talent of the current generation as well as the influences that they had in the past, the simple genres of pop, rock, rap, had became much more diverse and fluid. The conservative notion of just following the current trend in music, brave souls that are willing to be rejected and ridiculed by the society due to the music that they believe is beautiful are very well known and very much appreciated by the listeners not only in the United States but also in various parts of the world. Conclusion: Through the analysis of the artists: Aerosmith and Run DMC, the song: Walk this way (1975) and Walk this Way (1986), the video of the song, the current artists and their new innovation in their music, it is evident that the song and the legendary artists who bravely produced this song made a history in the music industry. The groups have opened up the creative minds of the new generation in creating new types of genres which could be more appreciated by various types of people because of the diverse mixture of sounds and rhythm. The one-time collaboration of Aerosmith and Run DMC have paved the way to many artist not to fear in creating the type of music that they really believe is striking and also be appreciated by many people. The constant innovation of music creates diversion of the music appreciated by everyone. The social construct of limiting a person or a race with the type of music that she or he should listen is now gone. The racial separation within the choice of music within the society had now been lessened. This creates a more diversified society and limits the barriers that are restrain the society from totally mixing with one another. Music is evidently one of the strongest influences that the society has. The wide scope of media and technology has allowed everyone to listen, and watch how various artists live their lives and inspire themselves in creating good music. The availability of the internet had created a much more intimate relationship between the artists and their supporters which creates much stronger connection between them. More and more artist had been influencing the people and society which creates more power and persuasion towards the people. WALK THIS WAY Aerosmith feat. Run DMC (1987) There’s a backseat lover, that’s always undercover and I talked till my daddy say, said â€Å"ya ain’t seen nothin till your down on a muffin, and theres sure to be a change in way† now theres a cheerleader, that’s a real big pleaser as far as I could reminice and the best thing lovin’ was you sister and your cousin and it started with a little kiss, like this She start swingin’ with the boys in school and her feet are flyin’ up in the air singin hey diddle diddle with the titty in the middle, and you swingin like you just dont care so I took a big chance at the highschool dance with a lady who was ready to play it wasn’t me she was foolin’ cause she new what she was doin when she told me how to walk this way, she told me to CHORUS walk this way, talk this way (x2) she told me to walk this way, talk this way (x2) just give me a kiss†¦ like this school girl sleezy with a classy kinda sassy little skirt hangin way up her knee there were three young ladies in a school gym locker and I find there were lookin at D I was a highschool loser never made it with a lady till the boys told me somethin’ i miss then my next door neighbor had a daughter, had a favour and I gave the girl a little kiss, like this she start swingin’ with the boys in the school, with your feet flyin up in the air singin hey diddle diddle with the titty in the middle I was swingin like I didnt care so I took a big chance at the highschool dance with the miss who was ready to play wasn’t me she was foolin, cause she knew what she was doin when she told me how to walk this way, she told me to CHORUS Works Cited Aerosmith, â€Å"History. † 2 July 2008. Aerosmith. com. 2 July 2008. . Aerosmith and Run DMC, â€Å"Walk this Way (AeroSmith Run DMC). †2 July 2008. Lyrics007. com. 2 July 2008. . Dean, Maury. â€Å"Rock ‘N’ Roll Gold Rush A Singles Un-cyclopedia. † Newyork: Algora Publishing, 2003. 380. Power, Martin. â€Å"The Complete Guide To the Music of Aerosmith: The Complete Guide. † New York: Omnibus Press, 1997. 22. Rubey, Dan. â€Å"Voguing at the Carnival: Desire and Pleasure on MTV. † Present Tense: Rock & Roll and Culture. Ed 1992. DeCurtis, Anthony. United States of America: Duke Publishing Press, 1992. 248. Run DMC Featuring Aerosmith. â€Å"Walk this Way. † Posted on: 2 February 2007. Retrieved 2 July 2008. . Song Facts. â€Å"Walk this Way† 2 July 2008. Songfacts. com. 2 July 2008. . Sony BMG Music Entertainment. â€Å"Bio. † 2 July 2008. Run DMC. 2 July 2008. .

The Benefits of Shift on Work Roles for Men and Women Essay Samples

The Benefits of Shift on Work Roles for Men and Women Essay Samples Specify a rational schedule based on where you are beginning from and you're going to start to find improvements in quick purchase. Starting over was painful but a lot of the time it was really well worth it. Culture shift is a succession of steps, little and big, often organic, all building momentum that could lead to permanent shift. It requires a whole mental shift for the majority of people. The War Against Shift on Work Roles for Men and Women Essay Samples Therefore, women did not have a lot of option at that time since they were not able to find work outside. In the modern society many men make way more income than a women though they could be doing precisely the same work. By way of example, both women and men might want to hike to the peak of a mountain, but men wish to get to the peak in record time while women don't care how much time it takes, placing more importance on enjoying the sights on th e way. Another Option although some men who feel powerless will live a life which is similar to the one above, there'll be others who will wind up choosing another alternative. Boys on the flip side, are often motivated by tangible experiences that are related to real life. Ladies have a tendency to check at their existing heights of debt while men have a tendency to look to the future and are more inclined to plan ahead in regards to their finances. Women and men have co-existed since the start of their creation. Men and women both are in a position to get this done. How women and men differ at work. Breadwinning moms are moms working full-time and are the complete opposite of the conventional housewife. It isn't an unknown secret that lots of women are paid considerably less than men for doing the identical kind of work. Generally, these women only embodied the feminine features of womanhood and weren't portrayed as intelligent or respected folks. Furthermore, women aren't fearful of asking a person's opinion and allowing all workers to donate to the shared targets, while men see this behavior as the indication of weakness. It's apparent that men were independent and superior when compared with women. How women and men communicate differently on the job. Both women and men can be effective in network advertising. They still see it that males are those which should run the company. As a consequence, crucial couples share the chores to decrease the burden. There have been a lot of examples of the proper means to boost a male and female and the gender roles to practice. What You Need to Do About Shift on Work Roles for Men and Women Essay Samples Beginning in the Next Eight Minutes Technology today is amazing. It's possible to give thanks for what inspires you to be the best that you can be. It is insufficient to only require the remarkable generosity of those people who have volunteered their time. Stop gaming and begin reading. All you have to do is have a look around you. Each partner receives an opportunity to bond with the kid. In doing this, it is going to enable the guy to regulate these inner feelings and emotions. They're not just in your head. Social roles supply an instance of social influence in general and conformity specifically. Competitiveness is going to be on a wo rldwide basis wherein knowledge and techniques of the workforce posed great challenge since it will be the key competitive weapon for the 21st century. Zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment illustrates the ability of social roles in connection with conformity. Generally speaking, social science research, a scientific research, applies similar research methodologies the exact same as different varieties of research like marketing research that's inherent with both quantitative strategy and qualitative strategy, clinical research that's emphasized on specific areas like pharmaceutical, chemical, health care research, and so forth. The Definitive Strategy for Shift on Work Roles for Men and Women Essay Samples To make certain that equity work is centered institution-wide, representation from many departments is important. While there are numerous theories on how best to divide the personality groups, the most important thing is practically always four unique groups. If you searc h for reliable academic writing solutions, set the order on essayforever.com. Such expectations can fluctuate from group to group. Additionally, rise in the range of children is related to a decrease in males' participation, in household chores. Through the mother responding to the child this way, the Child gradually forms a feeling of empowerment and wholesome control. There are an infinite number of fatherless children. The stigma connected with the disease was strong patients have locked away and weren't treated. Discrimination is normally witnessed within the key care facilities, and shortage of adequate knowledge by practitioners affects patient's treatment approach. Pain tolerance usually means the time a continuous pain stimulus is tolerated. But that is simply one in so many methods about how to deal with stress. The Demise of Shift on Work Roles for Men and Women Essay Samples Their urge to look ripped, powerful and desirable for a possible mate may get problematic. There are two or three big troubles with this. Notice how your power and mood shift since you do so. A societal problem, is additionally a corporate issue.

How the US Federal Budget Process Is Supposed to Work

In the fiscal year 2018, the U.S. federal government budget committed to spending up to $4.09 trillion dollars. Based on estimated revenues totaling $3.65 trillion, the government will face a deficit of about $440 billion. Clearly, spending that much taxpayer money requires a carefully thought out and closely followed budget process. The ideals of democracy envision that the federal budget, like all aspects of the federal government, will speak to the needs and beliefs of the majority Americans. Clearly, that is a difficult standard to live up to, especially when it comes to spending nearly four trillion of those Americans’ dollars. To say the least, the federal budget is complicated, with many forces affecting it. There are laws controlling some aspects of the budget process, while other less well-defined influences, like those of the president, Congress, and the often-partisan political system play key roles in deciding how much of your money is spent on what. Over the years of government shutdowns, threats of government shutdowns, and last-minute resolutions passed by Congress to keep the government running, Americans have learned the hard way that the budget process actually operates in a far from perfect world. In a perfect world, however, the annual federal budget process begins in February, ends in October and goes like this: The President’s Budget Proposal Goes to Congress The President’s Budget Proposal informs Congress of the White House’s vision for the three basic elements of U.S. fiscal policy: (1) how much money the government should spend on public needs and programs; (2) how much money the government should take in through taxes and other sources of revenue; and (3) how large a deficit or surplus will result—simply the difference between money spent and money taken in. With much and often heated debate, Congress hacks away at the president’s Budget Proposal to come up with its own version, known as the Budget Resolution. Like any other piece of legislation, the House and Senate versions of the Budget Resolution must match. As a critical part of the budget process, the Congressional Budget Resolution sets spending limits on discretionary government programs for the next 5 years. Congress Creates the Annual Spending Bills The meat of the annual federal budget is, in fact, a set of â€Å"appropriations,† or spending bills distributing the funds allocated in the Budget Resolution among the various government functions. Roughly one-third of the spending authorized by any annual federal budget is â€Å"discretionary† spending, meaning it is optional, as approved by Congress. The annual spending bills approve discretionary spending. Spending for â€Å"entitlement† programs, like Social Security and Medicare is referred to as â€Å"mandatory† spending. A spending bill must be created, debated and passed to fund the programs and operations of each Cabinet-level agency. Per the Constitution, each spending bill must originate in the House. Since the House and Senate versions of each spending bill must be identical, this always becomes the most time-consuming step in the budget process. Congress and the President Approve the Spending Bills Once Congress has passed all of the annual spending bills, the president must sign them into law, and there is no guarantee that will happen. Should the programs or funding levels approved by Congress vary too greatly from those set by the president in his or her Budget Proposal, the president could veto one or all of the spending bills. Vetoed spending bills slow the process greatly. Final approval of the spending bills by the president signals the end of the annual federal budget process. The Federal Budget Calendar It starts in February and is supposed to be finished by October 1, the start of the government’s fiscal year. However, the federal budget process now tends to run behind schedule, requiring the passage of one or more â€Å"continuing resolutions† that keep the basic functions of government running and save us from the effects of a government shutdown.